(水噴射器) 進口蒸汽噴射真空泵原理 principle

蒸汽噴射真空泵有一定壓強的工作，蒸汽通過拉瓦爾噴咀，減壓增速（蒸汽的勢能轉變為動能）以超音速噴入混合室，與被抽介質混合，進進行能量交換，混合后的氣體進入擴壓器，減速增壓（動通轉化為壓強能），為了減少后級泵的抽氣負荷，配置冷凝器，通過有一定溫差的兩種介質對流，進行熱交換，達到冷凝高溫介質目的，排到大氣壓。(原理見下圖）retz品牌  The steam jet vacuum pump works at a certain pressure. The steam passes through the Laval nozzle, and the pressure reduction and speed increase (the potential energy of the steam is converted into kinetic energy) are injected into the mixing chamber at supersonic speed, mixed with the pumped medium, and energy exchange is carried out. The mixed gas enters the diffuser, and decelerates and pressurizes (the dynamic energy is converted into pressure energy). In order to reduce the pumping load of the later stage pump, a condenser is configured to convection through two kinds of media with a certain temperature difference, Conduct heat exchange to condense high-temperature medium and discharge it to atmospheric pressure. (See the figure below for the principle)

機組工作原理：

1.一級水蒸汽噴射真空泵連接到生產設備抽及其氣體、蒸汽或氣體并在泵內壓縮到10mmhg左右 The primary steam jet vacuum pump is connected to the production equipment to extract its gas, steam or gas and compress it to about 10mmhg in the pump

2.二級水蒸汽噴射真空泵繼續壓縮上述工作介質到70mmhg然后排之氣體引往列管冷凝器冷凝。冷凝后的液體進入下部三級水環泵抽吸，壓縮后往大氣中 The two-stage steam jet vacuum pump continues to compress the above working medium to 70mmhg, and then the discharged gas is led to the tube condenser for condensation. The condensed liquid enters the lower three-stage water ring pump for suction and is compressed into the atmosphere

操作 Operation

起動順序 Starting sequence

1、把所有的截止閥和閘閥關閉 Close all stop valves and gate valves

2、蒸汽管道排污，排水，一直放出廢氣，供應飽和蒸汽，排污閥稍微打開一些 Steam pipe blowdown, drainage, exhaust gas is always discharged, saturated steam is supplied, and the blowdown valve is slightly opened

3、開啟水環泵把供應泵用水閥打開，開啟真空總管中截止閥，達到大約93、9毫巴 Open the water ring pump, open the water valve of the supply pump, and open the stop valve in the vacuum header to reach about 93,9 mbar

4、起動二級蒸汽噴射真空泵，噴嘴前輸入蒸汽壓力低不能低于3、5巴，高不能高于5巴 Start the secondary steam injection vacuum pump, and the input steam pressure in front of the nozzle shall not be lower than 3 or 5 bar, and the high pressure shall not be higher than 5 bar

5、起動一級蒸汽噴射真空泵，噴嘴前蒸汽壓力不能低于3、5巴 Start the primary steam injection vacuum pump, and the steam pressure in front of the nozzle shall not be lower than 3 or 5 bar

6、所有噴射泵開啟后，調節好冷凝器的進水閥，使它排出水溫度不超過36℃ After all jet pumps are started, adjust the water inlet valve of the condenser to make its discharge water temperature not exceed 36 ℃

停機順序 Shutdown sequence

1、關閉真空總閥 Close the main vacuum valve

2、關閉一級噴射泵汽閥 Close the steam valve of the primary injection pump

3、關閉二級噴射泵汽閥及蒸汽總閥 Close the steam valve and main steam valve of the secondary injection pump

4、放氣停水環泵，關閉所有供水閥 Shut down the water ring pump and close all water supply valves

故障檢查參考 Fault check reference

安裝 Install

1、蒸汽噴射真空泵可以在室外露天安裝。如果停工或在結冰氣候時，整個裝置能快速排水，因為已經裝了內連管以備快速排水 The steam jet vacuum pump can be installed outdoors. In case of shutdown or freezing weather, the whole unit can drain water quickly, because the internal connecting pipe has been installed for rapid drainage

2、水環泵一定要有足夠的靜壓，泵的填料箱一定有水封。在泵的排水管中裝一個止回閥，以防止間歇或脈沖的空氣回流。為了有效平衡冷凝器之間的壓力差，管道封閉回路，一定要有合適的回路長道，好在每一條回路管的低位裝一條放水管道，同時也可作為清洗冷凝器時出水口 The water ring pump must have enough static pressure, and the packing box of the pump must have a water seal. Install a check valve in the drain pipe of the pump to prevent intermittent or pulsed air backflow. In order to effectively balance the pressure difference between condensers, the pipeline must be closed, and there must be a proper circuit length, so that a drain pipe can be installed at the low position of each circuit pipe, and it can also be used as the water outlet for cleaning the condenser

3、安裝蒸汽管道時，需注意盡量要使送到噴嘴的蒸汽盡可能干燥，從蒸汽分離器到噴射泵之間帶保溫。蒸汽管道越短越好，分離器應該長期保持干燥，為此接到噴射泵的蒸汽管一定要從蒸汽主管道上端接出溫蒸汽不但腐蝕噴嘴和過早擴散，而且嚴重影響小噴嘴口的功能。由于要求高真空度，以及尤其泵內小噴嘴口徑，所以一定要檢查裝在蒸汽過濾器與噴射泵內蒸汽噴嘴之間的氣管是否干凈。蒸汽噴射泵裝上所謂進汽小氣箱，可以很方便把噴嘴拆下來，用一支探針直覺檢查噴嘴通路。蒸汽墊圈不要偏心放置，以免影響蒸汽自由流動截面積 When installing the steam pipe, it is necessary to make the steam sent to the nozzle as dry as possible, and there is thermal insulation between the steam separator and the jet pump. The shorter the steam pipe is, the better. The separator should be kept dry for a long time. Therefore, the steam pipe connected to the jet pump must be connected with warm steam from the upper end of the main steam pipe, which not only corrodes the nozzle and diffuses prematurely, but also seriously affects the function of the small nozzle. Due to the requirement of high vacuum and the small nozzle diameter in the pump, it is necessary to check whether the air pipe installed between the steam filter and the steam nozzle in the jet pump is clean. The steam injection pump is installed with the so-called small inlet gas box, which can easily remove the nozzle and intuitively check the nozzle path with a probe. The steam gasket shall not be placed eccentrically to avoid affecting the free flow sectional area of steam